WH-QUESTION

WH Questions Words

We use question words to ask certain types of questions. We often refer to them as WH words because they letters WH (for example WHy, HoW).

Question word	Function	Example
What	asking for information about something	What is your name?
	asking for repetition or confirmation	What? I can’t hear you. You did what?
What…for	asking for a reason, asking why	What did you do that for?
When	asking about time	When did he leaves?
Where	asking in or at what place or position	Where do they live?
Which	asking about choice	Which colour do you want?
Who	asking what or which person people (subject)	Who opened the door?
Whom	asking what or which person or people (object)	Whom did you see?
Whose	asking about ownership	Whose are these keys? Whose turns is it?
Why	asking for reason, asking what…for	Why  do you say that?
Why don’t	making a suggestion	Why don’t I help you?
How	asking about manner	How does this work?
	asking about condition or quality	How was you exam?
How + adj/adv	asking about extent or degree	see examples below?
How far	distance	How far is Pattaya from Bangkok?
How long	length (time or space)	How long will it take?
How many	quantity (countable)	How many cars are there?
How much	quantity (uncountable)	how much money do you have?
How old	age	How old are you?
How come (informal)	asking fo reason, asking why	How come I can’t see her?

Grammer Exercises - WH Question

1)  http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-exercise-wh-questions.php

2)  http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=5283

3)  http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=2763

4)  http://www.tolearnenglish.com/english_lessons/wh-questions-exercises

Articles (a, an the)

Indefinite articles - a and an (determiners)

A and an are the indefinite articles. They refer to something not specifically known to the person you are communicating with.

A and an are used before nouns that introduce something or someone you have not mentioned before:-

For example:

"I saw an elephant this morning." "I ate a banana for lunch."

A and an are also used when talking about your profession:-

For                 "I am an English teacher."

example:    "I am a builder."

          You use a when the noun you are 
          referring to begins with a consonant
          (b,c,d,f,g,j,k,l,m,n,q,r,s,t,v,w,x,y,z), 

          for example, "a city", "a factory", 
          an "a hotel".

          You use an when the noun you are 
          referring to begins with a vowel 
          (a,e,i,o,u)

          Pronunciation changes this rule. 
          It's the sound that matters, not 
          the spelling

NOTE!!    If the next word begins with a 
          consonant sound when we say 
          it, for example, "university" then
          we use a. If the next word begins 
          with a vowel sound when we say
          it, for example "hour" then we use
          an.
          We say "university" with a "y" 
          sound at the beginning as 
          thought it were spelt 
          "youniversity".
          So, "a university" is correct.
          We say "hour" witha silent h as
          thought it were spelt "our".
          So, "an hour" is correct.

Definite Article - the (determiners)

You use the when you know that the listener knows or can work out what particular person/thing you are talking about.
For example:      "The apple you ate was 
                            rotten."
                           "Did you lock the car?"

You should also use the when you have already mentioned the thing you are talking about.

For example:      "She's got two children; a girl and a boy. The girl's eight and the boy's fourteen."                            We use the to talk about geographical  points on the globe. For example:       the North Pole,                              the equator We use the to talk about rivers, oceans  and seas For example:        the Nile, the Pacific,                              the English channel We also use the before certain nouns when we know there is only one of a particular thing. For example:      the rain, the sun,                           the wind, the world,                           the White House,                           the earth, etc.. However if you want to describe a particular instance of these you should use a/an. For example: " I could hear the wind." / "There's a cold wind blowing." "What are your plans for the future?" / "She has a promising future ahead of her." The is also used to say that a particular person or thing being mentioned is the best, most famous, etc. In this use, 'the' is usually given stonrg prounciation: For example: "Harry's Bar is the place to go." "You don't mean you met te Tony Blair, do you?" NOTE! -  The doesn't mean all:- For example: "The books are expensive." = (Not all books are expensive, just the one I'm talking about.) "Books are expensive." = (All books are expensive.) The articles a/an and the in Englisch - Exercise a)  http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/nouns_articles/a_the.htm b)  http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/nouns_articles/article_the.htm c)  http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/nouns_articles/article_the2.htm d)  http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/nouns_articles/article_a.htm e)  http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/nouns_articles/article_a2.htm f)   http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/articles/index.php

Quantifier(量词）

A few and few, a little and little

These expressions show the speaker's attitude towards the quantity he/she is referring to.

A few (for countable nouns) an a little (for uncountable nouns) describe the quantity in a  positive way:

• "I've got a few friends" (= maybe not many, but enough)
• "I've got a little money" (= I've got enough to live on)

Few and little describe the quantity in a negative way:

• Fewpeople visited him in hospital (= he had almost no visitors)
• He had little money (= almost no money)

Quantifiers with countable and uncountable nouns

Some adjectives an adjectival phrases can only go with uncountable nouns (salt, rice, money, advice), and some can only go with countable nouns (friends, bags, people). The words in the middle column can be with both countable and uncountable nouns.

With Uncountable Nouns	With Both	With Countable Nouns
How much?	How much?               or How many?	How many?
a little	no/none	a few
a bit (of)	not any	a number (of)
	some (any)	several

Note: much and many are used in negative an question forms.

Example:
* How much money have you got?
* How many cigrattes have you smoked?

* There's not much sugar in the cupboard.
* There weren't many people at the party.

They are also used with too, (not) so, and (not) as

There were too many people at the party.
It's a problem when there are so many people.
There's not so much work to do this week.

In positive statements, we use a lot of:
* I've got a lot of work this week.
* There were a lot of people at the concert.

Some or any

Some	In positive statements.	I gave him some money. We bought some food.
Any	In negative statements.	She didn’t have any money. I couldn’t find any books.

Some and any are used with countable an uncountable nouns, to describe an indefinite or incomplete amount.

It is also used in questions where we are wure about the answer.
"Did he give you some tea?" (= I'm sure he did.)
"Is there some fruit juice in the fridge?" (= I think there is)

Some is used where the questions is not a request for information, but a way of making a request, encouraging or giving an invitation.
"Could I have some books, please?"
"Why don't you take some books home with you?"
"Would you like some books?"

Any is used in questions and with not in negative statements.
"Have you got any tea?"
"He didn't give me any tea."
"I don't think we've got any tea left."